Abstract.  Target or source localization and tracking by a network of imperfect
and primitive binary sensors will be discussed. Binary sensors are inexpensive and
can be employed in a large numbers.  However, cheap binary sensors are
imperfect and subject to various uncertainties. In this talk,
detailed analysis, mathematical modeling of imperfect binary sensors and
convergence results will be presented. Numerical algorithms for
source localization and tracking are proposed along with convergence and asymptotic
normality results. Further a distributive way to calculate the globally optimal estimate by
using only local information provided by binary sensors is derived.